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103 pages 3 hours read

Born a Crime

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2016

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Chapters 6-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1

Chapter 6 Summary: “Loopholes”

Before Chapter 6 begins, Noah delineates the hypocrisy of the apartheid: “Apartheid, for all its power, had fatal flaws baked in, starting with the fact that it never made any sense” (75). He gives the example of how Chinese people in South Africa were classified as Black South Africans, yet Japanese people were classified as white because the South African government wanted to maintain good trading relations with Japan.

In the beginning of Chapter 6, Noah recalls his mother saying, “I gave birth to the most selfish piece of shit on earth and all it ever did was cry and eat and shit and say, ‘Me, me, me, me me’” (76). Noah confirms that he was a selfish child with a voracious appetite and extreme amounts of energy, who also loved to play with fire: “My relationship with my mom was like the relationship between a cop and a criminal in the movies—the relentless detective and the devious mastermind she’s determined to catch. They’re bitter rivals, but, damn, they respect the hell out of each other” (80). Once Noah is older, rather than having verbal arguments, he and his mom begin writing down their disagreements with each other on paper, each hoping to outsmart or outdo the other.

When Noah is seven, his mom begins dating a man named Abel, who lives in a white person’s garage in the city. The white family has a Black servant, and one day Noah is playing with the servant’s son, teaching him that he can make fire with a magnifying glass. After leaving the magnifying glass unattended, it catches fire and burns down the servant quarters and ultimately the house. He doesn’t get in trouble for it, but his family begins calling him “Terror” and views him as a troublesome, destructive child.

Chapter 7 Summary: “Fufi”

Before Chapter 7 begins, Noah muses about cultural superstition: “I grew up in a black family in a black country. I’ve traveled to other black cities in black countries all over the black continent. And in all that time I’ve yet to find a place where black people like cats” (93). He says that Black people think cats are witches, and that in South Africa Black people have dogs.

In the beginning of Chapter 7, Noah’s mom brings home two beautiful black cats: “In a black neighborhood, you wouldn’t dare own a cat, especially a black cat. That would be like wearing a sign that said, ‘Hello, I am a witch.’ That would be suicide” (95). However, since they’re living in a colored neighborhood, his mom assumes it would be okay. One evening they come home to find the cats skinned and gutted, hanging up by their tails on the front gate, and he decides that “[c]olored people, apparently, were no more progressive than black people on the issue of cats” (96).

Later on, his mom brings home two puppies, Maltese/bull terrier mixes. His mom’s is named Pink Panther and his is Fufi. For the longest time, they think Fufi is dumb, but actually she’s deaf. Fufi regularly jumps over their five-foot fence, and one day, while home for the holidays, Noah follows her. He watches as she runs to another house and jumps the fence. He knocks on the door and tells the family that his dog is in their backyard, but they’re adamant that Fufi is their dog. Apparently, Fufi has been leading two separate lives with two different families. The family refuses to give Fufi back to Noah, until his mom shows up and offers them 100 rand.

Noah considers the effect of Fufi on his life: “Fufi was my first heartbreak. No one has ever betrayed me more than Fufi. It was a valuable lesson to me. The hard thing was understanding that Fufi wasn’t cheating on me with another boy. She was merely living her life to the fullest” (100).

Chapter 8 Summary: “Robert”

Before Chapter 8 begins, Patricia tells Noah that he needs to find his father: “It’s not about knowing who you are. It’s about him knowing who you are, and you knowing who he is. Too many men grow up without their fathers, so they spend their lives with a false impression of who their father is and what a father should be” (101).

At the beginning of Chapter 8 Noah remarks on the relation of his father to his life: “My father is a complete mystery. There are so many questions about his life that I still cannot even begin to answer” (103). Noah has never met his father’s parents, and only just recently found out that his father has an older sister. While Noah knows little of his dad’s life before he was born, he knows that “[h]e’s very Swiss, clean and particular and precise” (104). He also knows that his father “hates racism and homogeneity more than anything, and not because of any feelings of self-righteousness or moral superiority. He just never understood how white people could be racist in South Africa” (104). Because of this, he always resisted the rules of apartheid and even opened the first integrated restaurant in Johannesburg.

Noah and his father see each other regularly up until Noah turns 13, when his father moves to Cape Town. Although Noah misses his father, time passes quickly and suddenly he’s in his early 20s and becoming a comedian. Despite gaining success rather quickly, he always wonders if his dad ever thinks about him. At 24, Noah decides to track him down. After talking with the Swiss embassy, he receives a letter from his father, and he goes to visit him in Cape Town: “I’ll never forget that day. It was probably one of the weirdest days of my life, going to meet a person I knew yet did not know at all. My memories of him felt just out of reach” (109). They end up picking up right where they left off.

Chapters 6-8 Analysis

Chapters 6 to 8 focus on relationships. Chapter 6 reveals that throughout much of Noah’s youth, his mom was his closest friend. Despite the “cop and a criminal” dynamic between them (80), whereby Noah misbehaves and his mom disciplines him, she is his main source of companionship. This assessment of the relationship cuts through their slapstick behavior and conveys his mother as a heroic figure. Throughout much of the memoir, Noah laments how apartheid made him feel alone. He was legally classified as colored, but he never fit in with other, colored kids. Instead, he always considered himself Black, since he grew up around his mom’s Black side of the family and identified with them. However, identifying himself as Black put him in a strange space because according to the government, he was too light-skinned to be Black. In this way, he always had trouble making friends. This suggests The Importance of Defining One’s Own Identity, since it is difficult for Noah to form relationships without knowing where he fits in.

Chapter 7 and 8 focus on Noah’s relationship with his dog, Fufi, and his dad, Robert. Each chapter reveals the difficulties Noah has in connecting to others. By the end of Chapter 7, he learns what he calls a lifelong lesson: that a person never owns the thing they love; rather, people will search out their own happiness and sense of fulfillment, like Fufi did when she got food and love from Noah as well as the boy down the street. Noah alludes to the fact that he translates the lesson he learned with Fufi to all relationships. This idea repeats itself in Chapter 8. Although Noah and his dad saw each other frequently during his early childhood, between the ages of 13 to 24, Noah doesn’t see his dad at all. However, when they do see each other again, it’s as if they were never apart. Noah doesn’t show any resentment or ill will towards his father for the lost time; rather he accepts that his dad has another life without him. Here, he applies the lesson he learned with Fufi to his dad; he loves his dad, but his dad doesn’t belong to him. As a result, he can’t be angry with his dad for living a life without him. The manner in which Noah emotionally handles these situations is the same.

The autobiography is episodic, and Noah uses the episode with the cat to explore Defiance of Oppression. Patricia does not pay attention to superstitious beliefs about cats, and ultimately, her cats cause no harm; in fact, they are harmed by others. Her defiance of superstition exposes the absurdity of the beliefs about cats. This episode is a metaphor for defiance of apartheid. Noah presents apartheid as an absurd scheme, and he makes fun of it by saying that it “had fatal flaws baked in, starting with the fact that it never made any sense” (75). Defying laws of segregation, having sexual relations with someone of a different race, and moving in prohibited areas exposes the fact that this doesn’t actually cause any harm; in fact, Noah suggests that race categorization is based on arbitrary definitions and that it is actually apartheid that causes harm.

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