50 pages • 1 hour read
A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Spade leaves his office and notices a small young man of about 20 standing on the corner near his building. The young man follows Spade everywhere for the rest of the evening. Spade eventually heads toward the theatre to find Cairo, knowing he will be there from the orchestra ticket he found in his wallet earlier, and asks Cairo if he knows who the young man is. Cairo denies having ever seen the man before, so they assume he must represent another party that is interested in the bird. Spade leaves Cairo and easily loses the young man on the way to Brigid O’Shaughnessy’s apartment.
She is relieved to see Spade again, and he informs her that he will be able to keep her identity from the police. Spade continues to accuse O'Shaughnessy of not being the shy, innocent, helpless woman she pretends to be. She responds that if his belief is true, it is a role she has grown into and is incapable of changing now. Knowing that she is still hiding things from him, Spade casually mentions that he ran into Cairo and that he offered him $5,000 to find the black bird statuette so that he can gauge her reaction. She is frightened by the revelation and gets upset that Spade has broken his word about protecting her. Despite her protestations, Spade stresses that $5,000 is a lot of money, and knowing she cannot outbid Cairo, offers her body as payment instead. This enrages Spade, and he kisses her roughly and disdainfully, telling her he’ll think it over. Once again, he demands more information if he is going to continue working for her. O'Shaughnessy tells him she will tell him more, but that she needs to speak to Cairo first. Not wanting Cairo to know where she lives, they agree to meet with him at Spade’s apartment.
When they arrive at the apartment building, Iva is waiting in her car outside the entrance. O'Shaughnessy goes ahead into the building, while Spade goes to talk with Iva. She asks who the other woman is, and then explains that she is upset because she feels that he is avoiding her. Spade claims he is too busy to talk, and quickly sends her away.
While they wait for Cairo’s arrival, Spade tells O'Shaughnessy about a job he had a few years ago. A man named Flitcraft, who had a family and a successful real estate business in Tacoma, went to a luncheon one day and never returned. There was nothing to suggest anything nefarious or suspicious about his disappearance, and he left all his money and possessions so that his family would be taken care of. Spade was hired by the man’s wife after she heard rumors that a man looking like her husband had been sighted in Spokane. Spade found the man and confirmed it was Flitcraft. He had a new wife and a baby on the way, and had built another successful business, this time in automobiles. Flitcraft felt no guilt over leaving his original family and explained that he left after a near-death experience involving a falling beam from a building that was under construction. This revealed to him that life was dictated by blind chance. He felt he had been living out of step with reality by trying to live his life in a clean, orderly, predictable way, and running away and starting a new life was his way of trying to realign things. Spade understood his meaning, but the wife did not. They quietly got a divorce and continued their separate lives. At the end of the story, Spade points out that the man didn’t seem to realize that he settled back into a life very similar to the one he’d left once there were no more near-death experiences.
O'Shaughnessy does not respond to the story and changes the subject to trust and insists she wouldn’t be meeting with Cairo if she didn’t trust Spade completely. Spade is not convinced this is true and says they’ll see where they stand after the meeting. Cairo is excited to see O'Shaughnessy, and she asks him about the $5,000 offer he gave Spade, telling him she can get the falcon within the week. It is clear the two have a fraught history, and they attempt to discuss it without revealing everything to Spade. At one point, Cairo asks what happened to Thursby, and O'Shaughnessy traces a letter G in the air with her forefinger. O'Shaughnessy asks Cairo if the boy downstairs is the same boy he had in Constantinople, which enrages Cairo, causing him to fire back that she was unable to control that boy the way she normally does with men. O'Shaughnessy and Cairo slap one another before Spade grabs Cairo by the throat and hits him three times. They are interrupted by Lieutenant Dundy and Tom Polhaus knocking on the door. They received a tip that Spade was having an affair with Iva and want to ask more questions, but Spade denies them entry. As they go to leave, Cairo cries out for help from inside the apartment, prompting the two policemen to head in to investigate.
When Spade, Dundy, and Polhaus enter the room they find O'Shaughnessy huddled in the corner and Cairo holding his gun, but with blood trickling down his face from a wound on his head. O'Shaughnessy claims she hit Cairo in self-defense, not wanting to shoot him, after he attempted to attack her. Cairo claims this is a lie and that O'Shaughnessy threatened to kill him once the police left. Since he had already been attacked once, he feared for his life and called out for help. Neither of them wants to reveal why Cairo was there, and they continue to squabble over who is telling the truth. Dundy threatens to take them all down to the station to sort things out. At this point Spade steps in to explain what is going on. He tells Dundy that O'Shaughnessy is an employee of his, and that Cairo, an acquaintance of Thursby, tried to hire him the day before to find something that Thursby was supposed to have on him when he died. Something seemed off, so he declined the offer. However, he later thought maybe he could learn something about Miles’s and Thursby’s killings and invited him to his apartment that night to see what they could get out of him.
Not wanting to be taken in for questioning, but still fearful of Spade and O'Shaughnessy, Cairo is unsure how to respond. Dundy again intimates that he is taking them all in, but Spade tells him it was all just a practical joke; that he had been annoyed at him and Polhaus showing up again and wanted to get one over on them. Cairo and O'Shaughnessy begin to laugh, and Cairo suddenly claims his injury came from a fall while they were pretending to struggle. Enraged, Dundy punches Spade on the chin. Spade maintains his composure and orders Polhaus to get Dundy out of his house. Still fearing what might happen if he stays, Cairo leaves with the two officers.
The third meeting between Spade and O’Shaughnessy establishes the tension between them. O'Shaughnessy's admission that her stammering and blushing schoolgirl act is “a pose […] [she’s] grown into” (62) creates an intersection between identity and the novel’s broader theme of The Evasiveness of Truth. It suggests that she has lived a life of deceit for so long that there is no longer a true self at the core of her deceptions—she has become the lie itself. This deception is often aligned with female characters whose sole purpose is to cause destruction for the male, another misogynistic trope of the time. Spade’s ability to see through her intentions throws a wrench into her plans. Unable to manipulate and control him the way she normally does other men, she drops all pretense and explicitly offers her body as currency. Spade’s reaction—and his motivation to continue engaging with O’Shaughnessy despite being aware of her duplicity—reveals how conflicted he feels. He kisses her “roughly and contemptuously” and then tells her he’ll think about with his face “hard and furious” (64). Though Spade has resisted the temptation thus far, his frustration is evident as he views O’Shaughnessy a distracting complication to the job at hand. O’Shaughnessy’s assertion of her body breaks the taboo between them, disillusioning Spade and removing control of the dynamic from him, heightening his aggression toward her. This dilemma, along with his conflicted emotions, again reinforces the novel’s theme of The Evasiveness of Truth, as Spade is unable to determine whether O’Shaughnessy is true about her feelings or playing the dangerous manipulative female that could lead him to ruin.
Spade’s story about Flitcraft serves as an intermission, providing a moment of calm in the chaos, and his patient, deliberate delivery of the story underscores its moral and thematic importance. Nonetheless, Spade and O’Shaughnessy do not discuss the story, and its meaning is left ambiguous. Flitcraft's story reveals Spade’s fatalistic worldview and explains his attitude and actions throughout the novel. Flitcraft realizes that life is random and can end at any moment, and he tries to change his life to be in step with this idea, but ultimately ends up back where he started. Spade’s calmness in the face of danger and his general apathy toward death is reflected in this story as he exhibits Flitcraft’s sense of nihilism. Like Flitcraft, for Spade, death is an inevitable part of life and not something to get worked up about—it simply happens when it is meant to happen. Conversely, Spade’s compulsive drive to remain in control of all other aspects of his life illustrates his response to his inability to control death. This is also what ultimately frustrates him so much about O’Shaughnessy—she refuses to let him control her and does not act in ways he can predict. Spade’s relationship with O’Shaughnessy highlights his sense of authority over the women in his life and their disregard of this dynamic.
Another way to interpret the story, especially given the timing (it comes after O’Shaughnessy has repeatedly refused to give him any meaningful information about what is going on), is that he is warning O’Shaughnessy that he knows she cannot change who she is. Despite Flitcraft’s efforts to change, the moment the impetus to change was gone—in his case, once the falling beam was out of his mind, and no more beams fell—he reverted to a lifestyle almost identical to the one he left behind. Spade knows that even if O’Shaughnessy claims they can trust one another, the moment the situation changes, she is likely to double-cross him like she has every other man she’s encountered. Likewise, he knows that at his core he is a detective that wants to discover the truth and catch criminals. Try as he might, this is his nature, and he cannot go against it. In this way, Flitcraft’s story also foreshadows Spade’s decision to turn O’Shaughnessy in at the end of the novel.
Plus, gain access to 8,800+ more expert-written Study Guides.
Including features:
By Dashiell Hammett
Appearance Versus Reality
View Collection
Art
View Collection
Beauty
View Collection
Books Made into Movies
View Collection
Books on Justice & Injustice
View Collection
Books that Feature the Theme of...
View Collection
Books that Feature the Theme of...
View Collection
Challenging Authority
View Collection
Class
View Collection
Class
View Collection
Community
View Collection
Community Reads
View Collection
Fear
View Collection
Good & Evil
View Collection
Hate & Anger
View Collection
Horror, Thrillers, & Suspense
View Collection
Loyalty & Betrayal
View Collection
Memory
View Collection
Mortality & Death
View Collection
Mystery & Crime
View Collection
Order & Chaos
View Collection
Popular Study Guides
View Collection
Power
View Collection
Pride & Shame
View Collection
Revenge
View Collection
Safety & Danger
View Collection
The Past
View Collection
Trust & Doubt
View Collection
Truth & Lies
View Collection
Valentine's Day Reads: The Theme of Love
View Collection