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Content Warning: This section of the guide includes discussions of antisemitism, genocide, and graphic violence.
Soon after the Allies arrive in Belgium, the Germans search houses in Usselo. Johan is away that day. Sini and Annie get into the hiding place, and when soldiers arrive, Dientje seals the girls inside. They hear banging and shouting, and the soldiers enter the closet. Annie and Sini cling to each other, barely breathing. After a time, Dientje returns and urges the girls to come out, but they can’t move, afraid the soldiers will return. When Johan gets home for lunch, he stays the rest of the day. Later, they learn that the group of Jews at the neighboring farm, including Mimi, were taken away along with the farmer and his wife. Unsettled, Annie thinks of Mimi on the train.
Then, Mr. Hannink shares that someone tipped off the Germans about the farmer’s hiding spot and asks Johan to kill the informer. Johan refuses. A few days later, a boy arrives with a note. Johan gives him the instructions and a gun that Mr. Hannink left. The next day, the Germans, furious, arrest several people, vowing to release them only if the killer reveals himself. When no one steps forward, the Germans shoot the people on the side of the road.
In September, Allied troops arrive in Holland but only free the southern half of the nation. Usselo is still occupied by the Germans, who now round up any men they can find to send to camps and shoot others in the streets. The war seems never-ending. At night, the girls join the family in the kitchen for warmth. Dientje tells them of people from the city asking for food, to whom she gave potatoes. Hearing boots approach, the girls rush upstairs into the hiding place. The Germans demand to use the Oosterveld house as a headquarters. Johan must comply but shuts off access to the upstairs except from the kitchen. Annie and Sini must stay in bed in the back bedroom because it’s freezing.
In October 1944, the Germans move in. Opoe sneaks food upstairs, and Sini is frustrated that she doesn’t have enough wool to darn socks. Despite the pain in her legs, Annie tiptoes downstairs to retrieve wool. Thinking that only Johan and Opoe are in the kitchen, she slowly opens the door and sees a German officer. Annie turns and goes back upstairs. When Sini sees her, she knows something is wrong. They dress and wait for the Germans to take them away. They find out later that when the officer asked Johan about the little girl, Johan concocted a story about his niece visiting. Dientje retrieves her niece, Rikie, from school and brings her back to the house. A week later, the Germans abruptly leave.
Johan fears that the Germans will deport him too, so he hides in Enschede. Upset and terrified without him, Dientje determines that the girls must return to Mr. Hannink’s underground cave. Annie begs not to go, and Opoe tries to convince Dientje to change her mind, but the younger woman won’t budge. The girls are miserable there, and Sini cries, insisting that she’ll never hide again. Annie worries that someone might hear the ground crying and fears what would happen to her without Sini. After 10 days, Johan retrieves them, irate with Dientje. The girls follow him back to Usselo, where Sini insists that she no longer hide. Trying to calm her, Johan asserts that the war is almost over. Ignoring him, Sini asks for false papers to pretend to be a displaced person from the city. If she had papers, she could get a job on a farm. Even though Annie is upset, she agrees, and Sini hugs her. Everything goes as planned, and Johan secures a job for Sini. When her sister leaves, Annie is distraught and spends most of her days in bed.
Sini visits, sharing that she went on a date and plans to join a drama club. Hearing footsteps, they urge Annie to go upstairs, but her legs hurt so badly she can barely move. Johan forces her out of the room. Annie cries, and Sini promises to visit again tomorrow. The Germans retreat from the Allies in the West and from Russia in the East. Rumors spread that Canadian soldiers will arrive soon, but after five weeks, they still aren’t in Usselo. At the end of March, the Germans begin seizing horses, and airplanes fly overhead, dropping bombs. The Oostervelds take Annie into the air raid shelter, and she laughs that she might die because of a bomb and not a death camp. After the bombing, Dini Hannink arrives with news that Canadian soldiers will arrive tomorrow to officially free them from German occupation. Sini plans to take the day off, but Dientje warns her not to tell her employer who she really is yet.
On April 1, Annie wakes early to get dressed. Opoe is already up, and Sini arrives early as well. When Annie looks in the mirror, she imagines herself telling the Canadian soldiers that she’s an ex-prisoner. When everyone, including Opoe, heads outside to see the soldiers, Annie can barely walk. She takes Sini’s and Dientje’s hands. She sees what the outside of the house looks like for the first time and has the urge to go back inside “before it’s too late” (185). People stare at Annie and ask Johan if he has guests. He promises to tell them more later. When the soldiers roll by on tanks, Johan attempts to ask for cigarettes and coffee in English. Sini jumps on a tank and throws her arms around a soldier, kissing him before leaping down. Annie cries.
Other farmers surround Johan, asking again about the girls. He relents and tells them the girls are Jewish and have been hiding in his house for two years. He bravely claims that he was never scared and calls Annie and Sini his girls. Afterward, many people go back to the Oostervelds’ house. Annie stands in the corner, not knowing what to do; they remind her that she doesn’t need to go upstairs anymore. People comment on her small, pale appearance and ask many questions about both her and Sini. When everyone leaves, the Oostervelds ask if the girls will write to them and visit. Annie’s legs hurt, and she worries about what everyone will think back home in Winterswijk. When everyone starts upstairs for bed, Dientje and Opoe ask the girls not to leave tomorrow. Annie and Sini sleep alone in the front room. As Annie stands by the window, she ducks when a bicycle goes by, forgetting that she’s safe.
The girls stay in Usselo for a month before returning to Winterswijk to reunite with Rachel and their father and restart their lives. In time, Rachel and Sini leave, as does Annie, who goes to the US with the lace cap Opoe gave her. As an adult, Annie takes her children back to Usselo, where they meet Johan, Dientje, and Opoe. When she shows her children the hiding place, they ask if she could get into it now. Kneeling in front of it, she begins to cry.
Annie has changed significantly by the end of the war. Still a child, she makes decisions and acts in ways that are beyond her years. For example, when Sini insists on no longer hiding and getting false papers, Annie is supportive. Despite being upset, she forces herself to tell everyone that it’s a good idea. In making this remark, Annie puts her feelings aside to support her sister’s desires, which shows a newfound maturity. Additionally, her time in isolation has caused her to withdraw. Once longing to be free, now that she is, she has reservations. On the day the Canadian soldiers arrive, Annie notes, “Reluctantly I followed Sini down the stairs. I haven’t been outside for so long that I don’t even want to go. I’ll wait for another day” (185). For years, Annie has desired the war’s end, but now that it’s here, she prefers to wait. Unlike Sini, Annie fears going outside the safety of the Oosterveld home, a consequence of being sequestered for so long. Although Annie has matured in her thinking and behavior toward her sister, she’s still reluctant to reenter the world.
Annie’s growing maturity thematically highlights The Loss of Innocence in Extreme Circumstances. The day the girls must hide because German soldiers search the house, Annie and Sini experience fear like never before, internalizing the danger of their situation. This understanding manifests in their decision to remain in the hiding spot long after the soldiers depart. Furthermore, when they learn that the group of Jews, including Mimi, whom Annie once met, were discovered and taken away, Annie thinks, “Mimi no longer had to stay inside…she was probably even traveling…sure she was…on that train” (151). In this moment, the pauses, or ellipses, in Annie’s thoughts are what most emphasize her loss of innocence, suggesting that even though she’s thinking about the supposed positives of Mimi no longer being in hiding, Annie understands what awaits the girl at the camp. The pauses, along with her diction (especially her use of the word “that”), indicate her understanding that Mimi is on her way to her death. Long gone are Annie’s musings about the excitement of underground hiding places and worries about looking like a boy. Replacing these innocent fantasies is the horrifying reality of gas chambers and death camps. Cynical thoughts also enter Annie’s head when she sits in the air raid shelter:
You know a bomb can hit you, don’t you? Can kill you, too. After two years and seven months upstairs, it could be a bomb, not a murder camp. Ha, outside. You may never leave the shelter. Listen to that noise. Just listen. Who wants to be liberated if it means this? The way it was was all right. I didn’t mind. No, I don’t mean that. I did mind. I did (179).
Through these thoughts, Annie addresses the irony of her situation: She has survived two years of hiding only to be threatened by a bomb. This acknowledgement demonstrates that she no longer possesses a childlike outlook on the world. Her cynicism is so sharp in this moment that she must remind herself that she does indeed want to be liberated.
The theme of Sacrifices During Wartime likewise peppers the text. When a neighboring farmer and his wife are taken away with the Jews they’re hiding, Mr. Hannink approaches Johan to kill the informer to prevent future harm. Johan refuses on the grounds that he has “never killed anyone before” and that “if anything happened to [him], the women here would go crazy” (152). Although, Johan wants to do the right thing by protecting innocent people, he’s unwilling to kill to save others. This dilemma highlights the terrible decisions many people had to make and how, for Johan, this is a line he won’t cross. He can’t sacrifice his morals and his family. However, a young boy retrieves the gun and kills the informer. However, the result is that the Germans kill several innocent people in retaliation. This situation highlights that sometimes, regardless of what decision one makes, sacrifices will result, suggesting that during wartime there is often no good option.
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